Roshandel E, Ghaffari-Nazari H, Mohammadian M, Salimi M, Abroun S Mirfakhraie R et al. NK Cell therapy in relapsed refractory multiple myeloma. Clinical Immunology. 2023; 246. doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2022.109168 

Although enovel therapeutic agents for multiple myeloma (MM) have significantly improved patients’ outcomes, MM still remains an incurable disease in relapsed and/or refractory patients. Current standard-of-care therapies comprise a wide range of active regimens including immunosuppressive drugs, immunomodulatory agents, monoclonal antibodies, proteasome inhibitors, and histone deacetylase inhibitors. However, responses to these immunotherapy agents are not permanent due to the ability of myeloma cells to escape from immune responses. More innovative immunotherapy approaches are currently being investigated, including CAR T cells, antibody-drug conjugates, and bispecific antibodies. Although CAR-T cell therapy is associated with favorable outcomes in MM treatment, long-lasting effects of CAR-T cells on RRMM remission remains unclear, and longer follow-ups are required. Moreover, applying an optimal dose to balance efficient clinical activities and toxic effects are another challenging issue in CAR T cell therapy. In this respect, NK cell therapy may roof to be an even more rational option for treating MM, since these cells provide the first-line defense against tumors by recognizing tumor antigens in a non-MHC-restricted manner.